Series - 1 [July - 2020]

Paper Title :: Basic classification and processing of electrical steels
Author Name :: Vladimír Rohaľ || Emil Spišák || Peter Mulidrán || Janka Majerníková
Page Number :: 01-06
:: 10.9790/1813-0907010106   

Electrical steels are used across applications such as small relays, solenoids, electric motors, generators, and many other electromagnetic devices. It is used mainly in electrical power distribution systems and in automotive industry. Electrical steel is also referred to as silicon steel, transformer steel, or lamination steel. In this study is described the basic classification of electrical steels. In addition, main properties of electrical steels and the production process of these steels is described.

Keywords - Electrical steel, goss texture, grain – oriented electrical steel, non – oriented electrical steel, cutting gap

@article{key:article,
author = {Vladimír Rohaľ || Emil Spišák || Peter Mulidrán || Janka Majerníková},
title = {Basic classification and processing of electrical steels},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {01-06},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: Traffic signs detection and identification using NN and CNN
Author Name :: E. Kolberg
Page Number :: 07-19
:: 10.9790/1813-0907010719   

In recent years we face a substantial research efforts towards realization of autonomous cars [1]. The regulation in various countries has strict demands that the autonomous car will be safe at least as a car driven by a common driver is [2]. One stratum is developing an algorithm that gathers data from the environment and cause the car to act accordingly. Among various data types, the detection and identification of traffic signs is of major importance [3]. Since traffic signs enables proper driving, avoiding accidents, alert the driver of dangers along the route, etc., it is critical regarding car control.

@article{key:article,
author = {E. Kolberg},
title = {Traffic signs detection and identification using NN and CNN},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {07-19},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: Reliability centered maintenance for distribution system infrastructure in Nigeria
Author Name :: Chinweike Okoli || Roland Uhunmwangho || Ezugwu Kingsley
Page Number :: 20-30
:: 10.9790/1813-0907012030   

The study deals with the development of optimal maintenance model for distribution system infrastructure. The main objective is to minimize the total maintenance cost while maximizing the index of reliability of the whole system. In the proposed model, the limits of the indices, such as SAIDI and SAIFI, are considered as constraints of the maintenance programs. The RCM method has used the power interruption statistical data in analyzing the reliability indices of the distribution system. The result of the maintenance strategy has helped in deciding the appropriate maintenance selection to improve the system reliability, and minimize the interruption in the distribution system.

Keywords - Power System Reliability, Reliability-Centered Asset Maintenance (RCAM), Power System Maintenance, Preventive maintenance, Corrective Maintenance

@article{key:article,
author = {Chinweike Okoli || Roland Uhunmwangho || Ezugwu Kingsley},
title = {Reliability centered maintenance for distribution system infrastructure in Nigeria},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {20-30},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: Effect of Extrusion Technique on Microbiological Quality Assessment of Composite Flour Ready to Eat (RTE) Foods
Author Name :: Harini Venugopal || Jayaprakasha, H.M || Arun kumar, H
Page Number :: 31-35
:: 10.9790/1813-0907013135   

Composite flour based RTE food was formulated with Nutricereals (Finger millet, Foxtail millet, Little Millet) along with some of the functional ingredients such as whey protein concentrate and horse gram along with added sugar and other herbal ingredients. Composite flour: Corn-wheat (75: 25), 20 per cent sugar, 10 per cent horse gram and 8.0 per cent WPC comprised sweetened composite flour RTE food and 5% spice mix replacing sugar comprised spiced based composite flour RTE food respectively. Extruded products such as snack foods and breakfast cereals are considered microbiologically safe to eat because the raw materials are subjected to high temperatures (higher than 130°C) and the water activity of the product is between 0.1 and 0.4 because the product is dried to a moisture content of less than five per cent.........

Keywords - Minor millet, Finger millet, Foxtail millet, Little Millet, Horse gram, WPC, Composite flour, RTE food

@article{key:article,
author = {Harini Venugopal || Jayaprakasha, H.M || Arun kumar, H},
title = {Effect of Extrusion Technique on Microbiological Quality Assessment of Composite Flour Ready to Eat (RTE) Foods},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {31-35},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: Application of Information Communication Technology (Ict) To Construction Materials Management Processes and Its Impact on Labour Productivity in Two Regions in Ghana
Author Name :: PAUL KWABLA AFATSAWU || FRANCIS ADOGLA || VICTOR ALORBU
Page Number :: 36-41
:: 10.9790/1813-0907013641   

Computing and communication technology, also commonly known as Information Technology (IT) has been radically transforming the way we live, learn, work and play. Many companies in the construction industry do not appear to have appreciated the positive changes and advantages that the new technology was providing to companies in other sectors of economy. (Kasim, 2011) stated that, during the 1980s ITs were only used in few construction companies. Though, most building firms were using computers in the 1980s, their core function was such as accounting, wages and salary, very few of the companies used the ITs for planning and managing the construction activities.

@article{key:article,
author = {PAUL KWABLA AFATSAWU || FRANCIS ADOGLA || VICTOR ALORBU},
title = {Application of Information Communication Technology (Ict) To Construction Materials Management Processes and Its Impact on Labour Productivity in Two Regions in Ghana},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {36-41},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: The Impact of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) on Power System Performance: A Case Study of the Nigeria 330 kV Power System Network
Author Name :: Onah, C.O || Agber, J. U || Inaku, I.O
Page Number :: 42-52
:: 10.9790/1813-0907014252   

The Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) is one of the second generation of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS), which is widely utilized to enhance power system performance due to its several advantages such as compact, high response speed and no harmonic pollution. This paper investigates the effects of STATCOM on the performance of the Nigeria 330 kV, 34-bus power system network. The power flow equations describing the steady-state conditions of the system network before and after compensation were modeled and simulated in the NEPLAN software environment. The results from the analysis revealed that before the application of STATCOM, seven (7) buses of the thirty four (34) buses of the case study have their voltage........

Keywords - STATCOM, FACTS, Power flow, Steady-state, Power loss, Power compensation.

@article{key:article,
author = {Onah, C.O || Agber, J. U || Inaku, I.O},
title = {The Impact of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) on Power System Performance: A Case Study of the Nigeria 330 kV Power System Network},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {42-52},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: High Leverage: Detrimental to stock price during pandemic/recession in India Date Period: January 01, 2020 to May 30, 2020
Author Name :: Rushil Shah || Dr. Pallavi Mukherjee
Page Number :: 53-61
:: 10.9790/1813-0907015361   

The paper addresses effect of leverage on stock price during the global COVID-19 pandemic-an unprecedented economic disaster- on various companies in the NSE and BSE stock indexes based on outstanding loans of each company, and tries to derive a relationship between the amount of debt and change in price of the various stocks compared to the returns on the NSE indices.The DEBT to EBITDA and DEBT to Equity ratios of firms in NIFTY 50 and NIFTY Midcap 50 are used to check if 'The stock price of highly leveraged companies tend to underperform during time of pandemic as compared to the stock performance of companies with lower or no leverage'

Keywords - NSE, NIFTY 50, NIFTY MIDCAP 50, Leverage, COVID-19

@article{key:article,
author = {Rushil Shah || Dr. Pallavi Mukherjee},
title = {High Leverage: Detrimental to stock price during pandemic/recession in India Date Period: January 01, 2020 to May 30, 2020},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {53-61},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: Nanocluster topological engineering of thin films by laser-hybrid technologies
Author Name :: S.M. Arakelian || A.O. Kucherik || T.A. Khudaberganov || D.N. Bukharov || O.Ya.Butkovsky
Page Number :: 62-70
:: 10.9790/1813-0907016270   

This paper discusses a number of issues of laser and laser-hybrid technologies that can be used with intelligent modern laser technological complexes to obtain composite materials of different elements composition. We are talking about the following new physical principles based on laser methods of surface treatment of various materials controlled in the required direction with micro- nanostructures and hydrodynamic instabilities. The paper also presents experiments on crystallization of complex structures from a melt with an analysis of the morphology of the resulting crystalline structures, and shows examples of the occurrence of fractal dendritic formations. Different types of morphology are induced depending on the energy of the laser radiation and the duration of the heating determining the final state of objects with the desired functional and structural characteristics..........

Keywords - 4D-laser technologies, controllable surface topological structures, nanostructures engineering of the thin film systems

@article{key:article,
author = {S.M. Arakelian || A.O. Kucherik || T.A. Khudaberganov || D.N. Bukharov || O.Ya.Butkovsky},
title = {Nanocluster topological engineering of thin films by laser-hybrid technologies},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {62-70},
month = {July}
}

Series - 2

Paper Title :: Environmental/Economic Power Dispatch of Thermal Units using Improved ABC Algorithm
Author Name :: Wendhi Yuniarto || Hasan || Hardiansyah
Page Number :: 01-08
:: 10.9790/1813-0907020108   

In this paper, a new approach is proposed to solve environmental economic dispatch (EED) problem in power systems using improved artificial bee colony (IABC) algorithm. The EED problem is to minimize both the operating fuel cost and emission level simultaneously while satisfying the load demand and operational constraints. A novel best mechanism algorithm based on ABC algorithm, in which a new mutation strategy inspired from the differential evolution (DE) is introduced in order to improve the exploitation process. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been tested on IEEE 30-bus test system and the results were compared with other methods reported in recent literature. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms previous optimization methods.

Keywords - Economic dispatch, emission dispatch, combined economic emission dispatch, improved artificial bee colony algorithm, differential evolution.

@article{key:article,
author = {Wendhi Yuniarto || Hasan || Hardiansyah},
title = {Environmental/Economic Power Dispatch of Thermal Units using Improved ABC Algorithm},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {01-08},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: A Genetic Clustering Method for SUC Problem under Uncertainty in Daily Net Loads
Author Name :: Zhenhua Cai
Page Number :: 09-13
:: 10.9790/1813-0907020913   

As the increasement of wind power penetration in power systems,the impact of fluctuationandintermittence onsystemsbrought by wind energy leads to computational accuracy and complexity problems foroptimaloperationcost solution in daily net load scenarios. To decrease computational complexity while maintaining adequate accuracy for the stochastic unit commitment problem (SUC), this paper presents a genetic clustering algorithm. Firstly, a sequence of severely changed net load values duringdayandnight time periods is chosen as clustering index, secondly, the genetic clustering algorithm was used to reduce the scenarios, through which we can obtain the reduced scenarios and their corresponding probabilities. Afterwards, a process of CPLEX was introduced to solve the SUC problem in the full scenarios and the reduced scenarios, then a metric based on the optimal results in SUC under the two kinds of scenarios is adopted, the test result shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Keywords - daily net load scenarios,clustering index, genetic clustering algorithm

@article{key:article,
author = {Zhenhua Cai},
title = {A Genetic Clustering Method for SUC Problem under Uncertainty in Daily Net Loads},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {09-13},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: Infrared matrix study of reactions of propargyl halides with oxygen
Author Name :: Rong-Luh Jeng || Jyh-Ferng Yang || Meng-Shu Wu || Mei-Lee Hwang
Page Number :: 14-23
:: 10.9790/1813-0907021423   

The reaction of propargyl halide with oxygen in Ar matrix has been conducted. There is no new peak was observed after the codeposition of Ar/propargyl halide. After the photolysis, a peroxide intermediate 3-(halomethyl)-1,2-dioxetene was observed first. Further photolysis led to the breakage of O-O bond of 3-(halomethyl)-1,2-dioxetene and formed final product of 3-halo-2-oxopropanal and/or 2-haloacetaldehyde and CO. The reaction mechanism was similar to that of reaction of chloroacetylene with oxygen, the additional -CH2- group did not alter the reaction path.

Keywords - IR, matrix isolation, propargyl halides, oxygen

@article{key:article,
author = {Rong-Luh Jeng || Jyh-Ferng Yang || Meng-Shu Wu || Mei-Lee Hwang},
title = {Infrared matrix study of reactions of propargyl halides with oxygen},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {14-23},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: Methodology for the calculation of RMP Curves (Repetition, Magnitude, Persistence)
Author Name :: Victor Rogelio Tirado Picado
Page Number :: 24-32
:: 10.9790/1813-0907022432   

The following mathematical calculation work analyzes the construction of the Repetition-Magnitude-Persistence (RPM) curve, with numerical data of maximum annual intensities, collected in a 48-year time series, from the León station, Nicaragua; code 64043, latitude 12°25´36" and longitude 86°54´48", elevation 60 msnm, type HMP. The methodology consisted of a sampling on the respective pluviograms, in order to obtain the maximum intensities per year, for persistence of 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 360 minutes. The data were taken to hourly quantities with multiple linear regression. The RPM curves were then constructed for return periods of 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50 and 100 years. Thus, it can be pointed out that the RPM curves obtained for the León station are similar with others that can be generated for the studied area.

Keywords - Periodo de retorno, magnitud, persistencia, repetición, regresión

@article{key:article,
author = {Victor Rogelio Tirado Picado},
title = {Methodology for the calculation of RMP Curves (Repetition, Magnitude, Persistence)},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {24-32},
month = {July}
}
Paper Title :: Quantifying Effects, Forecasting Releases, and Herd Immunity of the Covid-19 Epidemic in S. Paulo – Brazil
Author Name :: Sergio Celaschi
Page Number :: 33-42
:: 10.9790/1813-0907023342   

A simple and well known epidemiological deterministic model was selected to estimate future outcomes for the 2020 dynamics of the Covid-19 epidemic breakout in the city of São Paulo – Brazil with a population of 12.2 million inhabitants. A time-dependent incidence weight on the reproductive basic number accounts for modeling social distancing, and local Mitigation Policies (MP). Official published data from January 1st to July 7th, 2020 was used to adjust all the model parameters aiming to forecast the evolution of the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak. Data points for the last seven weeks, prior July 7th, were added after the model was complete, granting confidence on the outcomes.........

Keywords - COVID-19; Brazil; epidemiological model; mitigation policy; social distancing; herd immunity.

@article{key:article,
author = {Sergio Celaschi},
title = {Quantifying Effects, Forecasting Releases, and Herd Immunity of the Covid-19 Epidemic in S. Paulo – Brazil},
journal = {The International Journal of Engineering and Science},
year = {2020},
volume = {09},
number = {07},
pages = {33-42},
month = {July}
}